80.Restricted ingredients in cosmetic and skin care products

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Restricted ingredients in cosmetic and skin care products by regulation. Ingredient Potential toxicity Hexachlorophene Neurotoxic effects Ability to penetrate human skin Mercury compounds Accumulation in the body Skin irritation Allergic reactions Neurotoxicity Bithionol Photocontact sensitization Halogenated salicylanilides Photocontact sensitization Chlorofluorocarbon propellants Hazardous to human health Chloroform Plausible carcinogenicity Vinyl chloride Plausible carcinogenicity Zirconium-containing complexes Lung toxicity Methylene chloride Plausible carcinogenicity help to find the specific skincare product ingredients by "skin+" App.
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38.Skin health_Water content and hydration

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There are many methods to detect the skin health, skin surface properties, skin color, skin color type, and hair conditions. They are non-intrusive. 
Skin health
Skin health_Water content and hydration
l   Water content and hydration
Stratum corneum water meter
Capacitance
There are two plates in the measurement device which are insulated by a medium that acts as a dielectric.
A capacitor has the capability to store electrical charge when a charged field comes into close proximity
The capacitance is directly proportional to the moisture content of the samples
The higher the moisture is, the higher the capacitance is.
Conductance
This method is according to the changes in the electrical properties of the stratum corneum.
Dry stratum corneum has weak electrical conduction.
The electrical properties of skin are expressed in terms of resistance, conductance (current/resistance), or impedance (ohms at a fixed frequency).
An increase in the dielectric constant leads to a decrease in impedance and increased conductance and capacitance.
It is easily influenced by external factors that act on the stratum corneum.
For example, at high frequencies, it is impossible to measure resistance and capacitance accurately. In addition, at high frequencies, impedance provides information not only on the stratum corneum, but also on the deeper layers of the skin.

Impedance
The difference of above is measurements at different frequencies of the applied alternating current are integrated. The advantage of this method is it allows to select the different electrical impedance by the layers of skin.

Dielectric constant value
15um: epidermis, stratum corneum
30um: epidermis, stratum corneum
2mm  : dermis

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